The metal surface treatment cleaning process aims to remove grease, oxides, rust, and other impurities from the metal surface, providing a clean surface for subsequent treatments such as electroplating, coating, and welding. The cleaning process typically includes the following steps: First, degreasing with a cleaner to remove surface oils and grease; then, using a solution to remove rust and eliminate the oxide layer; next, passivating or using other chemical treatments to enhance the metal’s rust resistance; and finally, cleaning and drying to ensure the surface is clean and free of residues.
Classification of Cleaning Processes
Ultrasonic Cleaning
Ultrasonic cleaning is a process that uses the cavitation effect generated by ultrasonic vibrations to clean the metal surface. During cleaning, ultrasonic waves create high-frequency oscillations in the cleaning solution, causing bubbles in the liquid to rapidly collapse, generating strong shock waves that remove dirt and impurities from the surface of the workpiece and fine crevices. Ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for high-precision and complex-shaped components, and is widely used in fields such as precision instruments, electronic components, and medical devices. It is favored for its non-damaging nature and high cleaning efficiency.
Chemical Cleaning
Chemical cleaning is a cleaning method that involves using chemical agents to react with dirt, oxides, or deposits on the metal surface to remove them. Common chemical cleaners include acidic, alkaline, and specialized chemical solvents, which are effective at removing grease, rust, oxide layers, and other contaminants. Chemical cleaning is typically used for internal cleaning of equipment such as pipes, containers, and heat exchangers, and is also suitable for pre-treatment of various metal surfaces. This method provides good cleaning results and is easy to operate, but it is important to select the appropriate type of cleaning agent to prevent corrosion of the base material.
Spray Cleaning
High-pressure cleaning is a process that uses high-pressure jets of cleaning solution to directly wash the metal surface. The cleaning solution is typically sprayed through multiple nozzles, covering every corner of the metal surface, and is highly effective at removing grease, dust, and other contaminants. This process is widely used in industrial automation production lines and is particularly suitable for cleaning large-sized, regularly shaped metal workpieces.
High-Pressure Cleaning
High-pressure cleaning is a method that uses the impact force of high-pressure water flow to remove dirt, rust, and other impurities from metal surfaces. The high-pressure cleaning equipment pressurizes water and sprays it onto the workpiece surface through nozzles. The high-speed water flow effectively removes stubborn contaminants without the need for chemical cleaners, making it an environmentally friendly option. This method is widely used for cleaning large equipment, ship hulls, pipelines, and other high-demand cleaning scenarios. It is also suitable for dealing with hard deposits on surfaces that are difficult to clean. High-pressure cleaning provides powerful and fast results.
Cleaning Agents Used for Surface Cleaning
Surface cleaning involves a wide variety of cleaning agents. Depending on the type of metal and the nature of the contaminants, cleaning agents can be alkaline, acidic, solvent-based, emulsifying, ultrasonic-specific, or neutral. Alkaline and acidic cleaners are suitable for removing grease and rust, respectively. Solvent-based cleaners dissolve oils and resins, while emulsifying cleaners can emulsify oil stains. Ultrasonic cleaning agents are specially designed for complex structures, and neutral cleaners are ideal for precision surfaces that are sensitive to acids and alkalis. Proper selection of cleaning agents can enhance cleaning effectiveness and extend the lifespan of equipment and components.
Summary
Jichuan-Chemical is a factory specializing in surface treatment chemicals. Our product range includes surface cleaners, protective agents, polishing and grinding materials, machining oils, water treatment chemicals, surface treatment equipment, and related consumables, which are widely applied across various industrial sectors. We are committed to providing high-quality, cost-effective products to global customers, always adhering to environmental principles and maintaining long-term partnerships with numerous well-known brands.
Contact Information:
Phone: +86 136 3179 8281
Email: zhengjiping@jichuan-chemical.com